This film was made by passing catheters through the bladder into the ureters and dye was introduced to opacify the collecting system. It is clear from this film that a double ureter and double pelvises are present bilaterally.
This anomaly occurs because the ureteric buds, which grow from the mesonephric duct, are abnormally bifid and both portions establish connection with the metanephric mesenchyme.
Duplication of the ureter is a rather common anomaly (1:150) however, bilateral total duplication is much more rare. Patients with this anomaly have an increased risk of developing urinary tract infections, pain, hydronephrosis and stone formation.
